By Donatella Cinelli Colombini

Peter Leopold Joseph Anton Joachim Pius Gotthard von Habsburg-Lothringen was born in Vienna in 1847 and became Grand Duke of Tuscany at the age of eighteen in 1865. He left my region in 1890 to become Emperor of Austria and died in Vienna two years later. Her sister Marie Antoinette was the Queen of France guillotined during the revolution and another sister, Maria Carolina, reigned in Naples.

PIETRO LEOPOLDO GREAT SOVEREIGN AND GREAT WOMANIZER

His wife Maria Luisa of Bourbon was the daughter of the King of Spain and bore him 16 children, creating a family that, in the eyes of the Austrians, was too boisterous and disorderly.

The two had married in Innsbruck when Peter Leopold, who was initially destined for  priesthood, had to ascend the grand ducal throne of Tuscany due to the death of his brother Charles. Since he was a child, he showed a particular interest in science and innovations. Inclinations which, arriving in Florence at a very young age, were developed through contact with a group of naturalists and scientists, to the point of making him the prototype of the “enlightened monarch” and of the small state of Tuscany, an avant-garde country. We owe him the fact that Tuscany was the first nation to abolish the death penalty and torture with a new Penal Code, the first to establish a centre for agricultural studies, at the Accademia dei Georgofili.…

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